Madrid spreads from Puerta del Sol and the royal quarter to the Prado museums and Retiro Park. A hotel near Sol cuts cross-city journeys. Atocha is the pick for train arrivals. Salamanca has broader streets and quieter evenings, away from the central nightlife.
Puerta del Sol is the central meeting point, with Gran Vía running north toward Plaza de España. West of Sol are Plaza Mayor and the Royal Palace, in Madrid de los Austrias. La Latina’s smaller streets are close to both. The restaurants and bars around Cava Baja stay busy late.
East of Sol, the Barrio de las Letras leads to the Prado, Thyssen-Bornemisza and Reina Sofía museums along the Paseo del Prado. Retiro Park starts beyond the museum district. Hotels near Atocha are close to the high-speed trains and the Reina Sofía. From a station address, the Royal Palace is a longer trip.
North of Gran Vía, Malasaña and Chueca have independent shops, cafés and late nights. Salamanca, east of Paseo de la Castellana, has wide shopping streets and metro links. It is a longer walk from Plaza Mayor. Chamberí is more residential and still on the metro.
Metro Line 8 runs from Barajas Airport to Nuevos Ministerios. From there, most central hotels are a metro or Cercanías ride away. In July and August the average high at Retiro is near 90 °F, and it rarely rains. Save long museum days and neighborhood walks for spring or autumn.